COMBACTE Scientific Papers 2022: Part 2

COMBACTE-CDI

European survey on the current surveillance practices, management guidelines, treatment pathways and heterogeneity of testing of Clostridioides difficile, 2018–2019: results from The Combatting Bacterial Resistance in Europe CDI (COMBACTE-CDI)

Objective: To compare the awareness and compliance with the recommended strategies for diagnosis and clinical management of CDI across Europe in 2018–2019.

COMBACTE-MAGNET

Gut to lung translocation and antibiotic mediated selection shape the dynamics of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in an ICU patient

Objectives: Bacteria have the potential to translocate between sites in the human body, but the dynamics and consequences of within-host bacterial migration remain poorly understood. Here we investigate the link between gut and lung Pseudomonas aeruginosa populations in an intensively sampled ICU patient using a combination of genomics, isolate phenotyping, host immunity profiling, and clinical data.

Safety, efficacy, and pharmacokinetics of gremubamab (MEDI3902), an anti-Pseudomonas aeruginosa bispecific human monoclonal antibody, in P. aeruginosa-colonised, mechanically ventilated intensive care unit patients: a randomised controlled trial

Objectives: Ventilator-associated pneumonia caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) in hospitalised patients is associated with high mortality. The effectiveness of the bivalent, bispecific mAb MEDI3902 (gremubamab) in preventing PA nosocomial pneumonia was assessed in PA-colonised mechanically ventilated subjects.

COMBACTE-NET, results from the ARTHR-IS trial

Preoperative and perioperative risk factors, and risk score development for prosthetic joint infection due to Staphylococcus aureus: a multinational matched case-control study

Objectives: To identify the preoperative and perioperative risk factors associated with post-surgical Staphylococcus aureus prosthetic joint infections (PJI) and to develop and validate risk-scoring systems, to allow a better identification of high-risk patients for more efficient targeted interventions.

COMBACTE-CDI

A point-prevalence study on community and inpatient Clostridioides difficile infections (CDI): results from Combatting Bacterial Resistance in Europe CDI (COMBACTE-CDI), July to November 2018

Objectives: To compare data on the populations with Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) in hospitals vs the community across 12 European countries. There is a paucity of data on community-based CDI and how these compare with inpatient CDI.

Clostridioides difficile positivity rate and PCR ribotype distribution on retail potatoes in 12 European countries, January to June 2018

Objectives: While human-to-human transmission of Clostridioides difficile occurs often, other infection sources, including food, animals and environment, are under investigation. We present a large study on C. difficile in a food item in Europe, encompassing 12 European countries (Austria, France, Greece, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Romania and the United Kingdom).

COMBACTE-MAGNET

The antimicrobial resistance travel tool, an interactive evidence-based educational tool to limit antimicrobial resistance spread

Objectives: International travel has been recognized as a risk factor contributing to the spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). However, tools focused on AMR in the context of international travel and designed to guide decision making are limited. We aimed at developing an evidence-based educational tool targeting both healthcare professionals (HCPs) and international travellers to help prevent the spread of AMR.

Surveillance of antifungal resistance in candidemia fails to inform antifungal stewardship in European countries

Objectives: The increasing burden of candidemia and the emergence of resistance, especially among non-Candida albicans strains, represent a new threat for public health. We aimed to assess the status of surveillance and to identify publicly accessible resistance data in Candida spp blood isolates from surveillance systems and epidemiological studies in 28 European and 4 European Free Trade Association member states.

COMBACTE-CARE

Factors associated with recruitment success in the phase 2a study of aztreonam–avibactam development programme: a descriptive qualitative analysis among sites in Spain

Objectives: Successful clinical trials are subject to recruitment. Recently, the REJUVENATE trial, a prospective phase 2a open-label, single-arm interventional clinical trial conducted within the Innovative Medicines Initiative-supported Combatting Bacterial Resistance in Europe-Carbapenem Resistance project, was published, with 85% of the recruitment performed in Spain. We analysed the recruitment success in this trial by establishing a model of recruitment practice.